Impacto de la estimulación cognitiva en el desarrollo de la lectoescritura en estudiantes de segundo año de educación básica: Un estudio cuasi-experimental

María Elizabeth Jácome-Cruz; Diana Catalina Ayala-Gavilanes

Authors

Jácome-Cruz María Elizabeth Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Dirección de Posgrado y Educación Continua, Maestría en Educación Básica. Guaranda, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3008-2922
Ayala-Gavilanes Diana Catalina Universidad Estatal de Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Sociales, Filosóficas y Humanísticas. Guaranda, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6110-2797

Keywords:

cognitive stimulation, literacy, elementary education, executive functions, neuroeducation, pedagogical intervention

Abstract

DOI: https://doi.org/10.46296/rc.v9i17.0408

ABSTRACT

Objective: To analyze the impact of a cognitive stimulation program on the development of literacy skills in second-grade elementary students. Method: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest single-group design was implemented, complemented by qualitative analysis. Eighteen students (M = 6.4 years; SD = 0.38) from "13 de Abril" Elementary School in Ventanas, Los Ríos Province, Ecuador, participated. The intervention consisted of 24 sessions of 45 minutes over eight weeks, focusing on activities that strengthened attention, working memory, auditory perception, and phonological awareness. The Literacy Analysis Test (TALE) was applied as pre and post-intervention assessment, along with semi-structured teacher interviews. Results: Paired-samples t-test analyses showed statistically significant differences between pretest and posttest in reading (t(17) = 4.82, p < .001, Cohen's d = 1.14) and writing (t(17) = 3.96, p < .001, d = 0.93). Qualitative analysis revealed improvements in motivation, active participation, and self-regulation of learning. Conclusions: Cognitive stimulation constitutes an effective pedagogical strategy to strengthen precursor skills for literacy, suggesting its integration into the elementary education curriculum.

Keywords: cognitive stimulation, literacy, elementary education, executive functions, neuroeducation, pedagogical intervention.

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